Papers
Research papers from arXiv and related sources
Joint Estimation of Dynamic O-D Demand and Choice Models for Dynamic Multi-modal Networks: Computational Graph-Based Learning and Hypothesis Tests
Understanding travel demand and behavior, particularly route and mode choices, is critical for effective transportation planning and policy design in multi-modal systems with emerging mobility opti...
Xiaoyu Ma, Sean Qian
Probing Planck-Scale Physics with High-Frequency Gravitational Waves
We develop a framework for testing quantum gravity through the stochastic gravitational-wave background produced by evaporating near-Planck-mass primordial black holes. Because gravitons free-strea...
Stefano Profumo
Reasoning Core: A Scalable Procedural Data Generation Suite for Symbolic Pre-training and Post-Training
Training on verifiable symbolic data is a promising way to expand the reasoning frontier of language models beyond what standard pre-training corpora provide. Yet existing procedural generators oft...
Valentin Lacombe, Valentin Quesnel, Damien Sileo
Partial Causal Structure Learning for Valid Selective Conformal Inference under Interventions
Selective conformal prediction can yield substantially tighter uncertainty sets when we can identify calibration examples that are exchangeable with the test example. In interventional settings, su...
Amir Asiaee, Kavey Aryan, James P. Long
Tool Verification for Test-Time Reinforcement Learning
Test-time reinforcement learning (TTRL) has emerged as a promising paradigm for self-evolving large reasoning models (LRMs), enabling online adaptation on unlabeled test inputs via self-induced rew...
Ruotong Liao, Nikolai Röhrich, Xiaohan Wang, Yuhui Zhang, Yasaman Samadzadeh, Volker Tresp, Seren...
Comparative Analysis of Spatiotemporal Volatility Models: An Empirical Study on Financial Network Series
Various spatiotemporal and network GARCH models have recently been proposed to capture volatility interactions, such as the transmission of market risk across financial networks. These approaches r...
Ariane N. Meli Chrisko, Jessie Li, Philipp Otto, Wolfgang Schmid
Improving the Estimation of Ship Length via ISAR
A method for estimating the aspect angle of ships at sea from an ISAR is developed. The ISAR AutoTrack (IAT) algorithm uses the information from the adaptive motion compensation velocity to improve...
John R. Bennett
Reservoir Subspace Injection for Online ICA under Top-n Whitening
Reservoir expansion can improve online independent component analysis (ICA) under nonlinear mixing, yet top-$n$ whitening may discard injected features. We formalize this bottleneck as \emph{reserv...
Wenjun Xiao, Yuda Bi, Vince D Calhoun
Interpreting map-based $E$/$B$ spectral properties of CMB foregrounds
Map-space $E$/$B$ decompositions of linear polarization are attractive for foreground and CMB analyses because they isolate the $B$-family patterns that contaminate primordial tensor searches from ...
Gilles Weymann-Despres, Léo Vacher, Michael E. Jones, Angela C. Taylor, Carlo Baccigalupi, A. J. ...
Kinetic energy fluctuations and specific heat in generalized ensembles
We derive an exact generalization of the well-known Lebowitz--Percus--Verlet (LPV) formula that relates the kinetic energy fluctuations of an isolated system to its specific heat. Our general formu...
Sergio Davis, Catalina Ruíz, Claudia Loyola, Carlos Femenías, Joaquín Peralta
Investigating the short-term effects of particulate matter (PM) chemical components on mortality and the potential modifying effect of extreme temperature: A time-series analysis in London
Particulate matter (PM) is linked to adverse health outcomes, yet the roles of specific PM components and their modification by extreme temperature remain unclear. We examined short-term associatio...
Xiaolu Zhang, Anna Font, Anja Tremper, Max Priestman, Shawn Y. Lee, David C. Green, Dimitris Evan...
Setwise Hierarchical Variable Selection and the Generalized Linear Step-Up Procedure for False Discovery Rate Control
Controlling the false discovery rate (FDR) in variable selection becomes challenging when predictors are correlated, as existing methods often exclude all members of correlated groups and consequen...
Sarah Organ, Toby Kenney, Hong Gu
Sensitivity to sub-GeV dark matter in forthcoming spallation-source neutrino experiments
Sub-GeV thermal dark matter weakly interacting with the Standard Model through vector-portal mediators provides a well-motivated and predictive framework that remains challenging to probe with conv...
D. Aristizabal Sierra, V. De Romeri, D. K. Papoulias, G. Sanchez Garcia
Pencil Puzzle Bench: A Benchmark for Multi-Step Verifiable Reasoning
We introduce Pencil Puzzle Bench, a framework for evaluating large language model reasoning through pencil puzzles, a family of constraint-satisfaction problems closely related to NP-complete probl...
Justin Waugh
A Template-Based Search for Large-Scale-Structure--Correlated Anisotropy in the Nanohertz Gravitational-Wave Background Using the Public NANOGrav 15-Year Data Set
Recent PTA analyses reporting evidence for a nanohertz common-spectrum process motivate targeted tests of whether any anisotropic component of the stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) is...
Yun Fang
Modeling Grammatical Hypothesis Testing in Young Learners: A Sequence-Based Learning Analytics Study of Morphosyntactic Reasoning in an Interactive Game
This study investigates grammatical reasoning in primary school learners through a sequence-based learning analytics approach, leveraging fine-grained action sequences from an interactive game targ...
Thierry Geoffre, Trystan Geoffre
From Pixels to Patches: Pooling Strategies for Earth Embeddings
As geospatial foundation models shift from patch-level to pixel-level embeddings, practitioners must aggregate thousands of pixel vectors into patch representations that preserve class-discriminati...
Isaac Corley, Caleb Robinson, Inbal Becker-Reshef, Juan M. Lavista Ferres
ORGAN: Object-Centric Representation Learning using Cycle Consistent Generative Adversarial Networks
Although data generation is often straightforward, extracting information from data is more difficult. Object-centric representation learning can extract information from images in an unsupervised ...
Joël Küchler, Ellen van Maren, Vaiva Vasiliauskaitė, Katarina Vulić, Reza Abbasi-Asl, Stephan J. ...
On-surface synthesis and aromaticity of large cyclocarbons
Molecular rings of N carbon atoms, that is, cyclo[N]carbons, or $C_N$, can be formed by tip-induced chemistry [1-7]. Because of their monocyclic geometry, cyclocarbons are fundamentally important f...
Lisanne Sellies, Marco Vitek, Yueze Gao, Fabian Paschke, Florian Albrecht, Jakob Eckrich, Beren D...
Latent attention on masked patches for flow reconstruction
Vision transformers have demonstrated outstanding performance on image generation applications, but their adoption in scientific disciplines, like fluid dynamics, has been limited. We introduce the...
Ben Eze, Luca Magri, Andrea Nóvoa