Research

Paper

TESTING February 25, 2026

Deep Clustering based Boundary-Decoder Net for Inter and Intra Layer Stress Prediction of Heterogeneous Integrated IC Chip

Authors

Kart Leong Lim, Ji Lin

Abstract

High stress occurs when 3D heterogeneous IC packages are subjected to thermal cycling at extreme temperatures. Stress mainly occurs at the interface between different materials. We investigate stress image using latent space representation which is based on using deep generative model (DGM). However, most DGM approaches are unsupervised, meaning they resort to image pairing (input and output) to train DGM. Instead, we rely on a recent boundary-decoder (BD) net, which uses boundary condition and image pairing for stress modeling. The boundary net maps material parameters to the latent space co-shared by its image counterpart. Because such a setup is dimensionally wise ill-posed, we further couple BD net with deep clustering. To access the performance of our proposed method, we simulate an IC chip dataset comprising of 1825 stress images. We compare our new approach using variants of BD net as well as a baseline approach. We show that our approach is able to outperform all the comparison in terms of train and test error reduction.

Metadata

arXiv ID: 2602.21601
Provider: ARXIV
Primary Category: cs.LG
Published: 2026-02-25
Fetched: 2026-02-26 05:00

Related papers

Raw Data (Debug)
{
  "raw_xml": "<entry>\n    <id>http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21601v1</id>\n    <title>Deep Clustering based Boundary-Decoder Net for Inter and Intra Layer Stress Prediction of Heterogeneous Integrated IC Chip</title>\n    <updated>2026-02-25T06:01:17Z</updated>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.21601v1' rel='alternate' type='text/html'/>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.21601v1' rel='related' title='pdf' type='application/pdf'/>\n    <summary>High stress occurs when 3D heterogeneous IC packages are subjected to thermal cycling at extreme temperatures. Stress mainly occurs at the interface between different materials. We investigate stress image using latent space representation which is based on using deep generative model (DGM). However, most DGM approaches are unsupervised, meaning they resort to image pairing (input and output) to train DGM. Instead, we rely on a recent boundary-decoder (BD) net, which uses boundary condition and image pairing for stress modeling. The boundary net maps material parameters to the latent space co-shared by its image counterpart. Because such a setup is dimensionally wise ill-posed, we further couple BD net with deep clustering. To access the performance of our proposed method, we simulate an IC chip dataset comprising of 1825 stress images. We compare our new approach using variants of BD net as well as a baseline approach. We show that our approach is able to outperform all the comparison in terms of train and test error reduction.</summary>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='cs.LG'/>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='cs.CE'/>\n    <published>2026-02-25T06:01:17Z</published>\n    <arxiv:primary_category term='cs.LG'/>\n    <author>\n      <name>Kart Leong Lim</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Ji Lin</name>\n    </author>\n  </entry>"
}