Paper

{
  "raw_xml": "<entry>\n    <id>http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.19429v1</id>\n    <title>A unified SPH framework for shell-related interactions</title>\n    <updated>2026-02-23T01:56:19Z</updated>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.19429v1' rel='alternate' type='text/html'/>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.19429v1' rel='related' title='pdf' type='application/pdf'/>\n    <summary>A unified Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) framework is proposed to simulate interaction dynamics involving thin shells modeled by a reduced-dimensional, single-layer particle discretization, as opposed to full-dimensional SPH solids. The framework encompasses one-sided fluid-shell interactions, with the fluid present on only one side of the shell, as well as solid-shell, shell-shell, and shell-self interactions The study introduces a novel concept of imaginary shell contact particles, generated by projecting real shell particles along the local normal direction within the cut-off radius of the fluid particle, thereby mapping this reduced-dimensional shell model into a full-dimensional representation. With the volume of the imaginary particles defined based on the local shell curvature, the projection preserves kernel completeness for fluid-shell interactions while leaving the fluid-structure interaction (FSI) dynamics unchanged, such that the fluid-shell coupling algorithm is the same as in standard fluid-solid coupling. In addition, a particle-to-particle contact model for solid-solid interactions is developed by analogy to fluid dynamics: a contact density is computed using a fluid-style density initialization, and the resulting contact forces follow a momentum-equation-inspired formulation. Combined with the projection strategy, this contact formulation is directly extended to efficiently handle shell-related contact problems. The proposed method is validated using a series of benchmark tests, demonstrating stable and accurate performance across diverse interaction scenarios.</summary>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='physics.flu-dyn'/>\n    <published>2026-02-23T01:56:19Z</published>\n    <arxiv:primary_category term='physics.flu-dyn'/>\n    <author>\n      <name>Dong Wu</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Shuaihao Zhang</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Weiyi Kong</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Xiangyu Hu</name>\n    </author>\n  </entry>"
}