Paper
Improved cycling stability and lithium utilization in trilayer Al-LLZO revealed by Electrochemical cycling performance
Authors
Naisargi Kanabar, Seiichiro Higashiya, Haralabos Efstathiadis
Abstract
Garnet-type Li$_{6.25}$Al$_{0.25}$La$_3$Zr$_2$O$_{12}$ (Al-LLZO) solid electrolytes are promising for all-solid-state batteries but are limited by interfacial resistance. In this work, dense and graded tri-layer Al-LLZO electrolytes were fabricated and tested in Li/Al-LLZO/NMC(111) full cells. After 25 cycles, the tri-layer cell delivered discharge capacity of $\sim$55 mAhg$^{-1}$, nearly twice that of the dense Al-LLZO ($\sim$27 mAhg$^{-1}$). EIS showed lower initial interfacial resistance ($\sim$373 $Ω$) and improved stability. SEM confirmed a porous-dense-porous structure, while NRA revealed enhanced near-surface lithium ($\sim$75%) compared to dense Al-LLZO ($\sim$48%). These results highlight the role of microstructural grading in improving lithium distribution and cell performance.
Metadata
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Raw Data (Debug)
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"raw_xml": "<entry>\n <id>http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.21578v1</id>\n <title>Improved cycling stability and lithium utilization in trilayer Al-LLZO revealed by Electrochemical cycling performance</title>\n <updated>2026-03-23T05:01:40Z</updated>\n <link href='https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.21578v1' rel='alternate' type='text/html'/>\n <link href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.21578v1' rel='related' title='pdf' type='application/pdf'/>\n <summary>Garnet-type Li$_{6.25}$Al$_{0.25}$La$_3$Zr$_2$O$_{12}$ (Al-LLZO) solid electrolytes are promising for all-solid-state batteries but are limited by interfacial resistance. In this work, dense and graded tri-layer Al-LLZO electrolytes were fabricated and tested in Li/Al-LLZO/NMC(111) full cells. After 25 cycles, the tri-layer cell delivered discharge capacity of $\\sim$55 mAhg$^{-1}$, nearly twice that of the dense Al-LLZO ($\\sim$27 mAhg$^{-1}$). EIS showed lower initial interfacial resistance ($\\sim$373 $Ω$) and improved stability. SEM confirmed a porous-dense-porous structure, while NRA revealed enhanced near-surface lithium ($\\sim$75%) compared to dense Al-LLZO ($\\sim$48%). These results highlight the role of microstructural grading in improving lithium distribution and cell performance.</summary>\n <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='cond-mat.mtrl-sci'/>\n <published>2026-03-23T05:01:40Z</published>\n <arxiv:primary_category term='cond-mat.mtrl-sci'/>\n <author>\n <name>Naisargi Kanabar</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Seiichiro Higashiya</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Haralabos Efstathiadis</name>\n </author>\n </entry>"
}