Paper
CryoCMOS RF multiplexer for superconducting qubit control, readout and flux biasing at millikelvin temperatures with picowatt power consumption
Authors
Liam Fallik, Sriram Balamurali, Alican Caglar, Rohith Acharya, Jacques Van Damme, Tsvetan Ivanov, Shana Massar, Ruben Asanovski, A. M. Vadiraj, Massimo Mongillo, Jan Craninckx, Alexander Grill, Danny Wan, Anton Potočnik, Kristiaan De Greve
Abstract
Large-scale cryogenic quantum systems are constrained by an input-output bottleneck between room-temperature electronics and millikelvin stages, particularly in superconducting qubit platforms. This bottleneck is most acute for output lines, where bulky and expensive microwave components limit scalability. A promising approach for scalable characterization and testing is to perform signal multiplexing directly at the qubit plane. We demonstrate a cryogenic CMOS (cryoCMOS) RF multiplexer operating at 10 millikelvin with record-low static power consumption of 200 pW. The device provides < 2 dB insertion loss and > 30 dB isolation across DC-8 GHz. Direct connection to transmon qubits marginally affects coherence times in the range of 100 microseconds, enabling multiplexing of readout, flux and, in principle, XY drive lines. This work introduces cryoCMOS multiplexers as valuable tools for scalable, high-throughput cryogenic characterization and testing, and advances co-integrated quantum-classical control for future large-scale quantum processors.
Metadata
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Raw Data (Debug)
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"raw_xml": "<entry>\n <id>http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.16608v1</id>\n <title>CryoCMOS RF multiplexer for superconducting qubit control, readout and flux biasing at millikelvin temperatures with picowatt power consumption</title>\n <updated>2026-03-17T14:49:28Z</updated>\n <link href='https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.16608v1' rel='alternate' type='text/html'/>\n <link href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.16608v1' rel='related' title='pdf' type='application/pdf'/>\n <summary>Large-scale cryogenic quantum systems are constrained by an input-output bottleneck between room-temperature electronics and millikelvin stages, particularly in superconducting qubit platforms. This bottleneck is most acute for output lines, where bulky and expensive microwave components limit scalability. A promising approach for scalable characterization and testing is to perform signal multiplexing directly at the qubit plane. We demonstrate a cryogenic CMOS (cryoCMOS) RF multiplexer operating at 10 millikelvin with record-low static power consumption of 200 pW. The device provides < 2 dB insertion loss and > 30 dB isolation across DC-8 GHz. Direct connection to transmon qubits marginally affects coherence times in the range of 100 microseconds, enabling multiplexing of readout, flux and, in principle, XY drive lines. This work introduces cryoCMOS multiplexers as valuable tools for scalable, high-throughput cryogenic characterization and testing, and advances co-integrated quantum-classical control for future large-scale quantum processors.</summary>\n <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='quant-ph'/>\n <published>2026-03-17T14:49:28Z</published>\n <arxiv:comment>11 + 9 pages, 5 + 6 figures, 1 + 3 tables</arxiv:comment>\n <arxiv:primary_category term='quant-ph'/>\n <author>\n <name>Liam Fallik</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Sriram Balamurali</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Alican Caglar</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Rohith Acharya</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Jacques Van Damme</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Tsvetan Ivanov</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Shana Massar</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Ruben Asanovski</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>A. M. Vadiraj</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Massimo Mongillo</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Jan Craninckx</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Alexander Grill</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Danny Wan</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Anton Potočnik</name>\n </author>\n <author>\n <name>Kristiaan De Greve</name>\n </author>\n </entry>"
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