Paper

{
  "raw_xml": "<entry>\n    <id>http://arxiv.org/abs/2602.18343v1</id>\n    <title>Super-Resolution Structured-Illumination X-Ray Microscopy based on Fourier Decomposition</title>\n    <updated>2026-02-20T16:51:44Z</updated>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.18343v1' rel='alternate' type='text/html'/>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/2602.18343v1' rel='related' title='pdf' type='application/pdf'/>\n    <summary>We present a structured-illumination technique for full-field super-resolution transmission X-ray microscopy, which employs Fourier spectral decomposition inspired by established methods in visible-light microscopy. A 2D grating creating this illumination is stepped across one period to acquire a set of images at unique illumination positions. The Fourier domain of each image is described as a linear combination of replicated sample information at each frequency harmonic. As this superposition is created independently of detection, it contains spatial information exceeding native detector resolution. Recovering the encoded high-frequency components enables the population of an expanded frequency space. We demonstrate the presence of additional sample information in the Fourier spectrum and introduce a method to recover it. We achieve a resolution improvement by a factor of 2.1 for the projection image of a resolution test pattern. We further demonstrate seamless integration into standard X-ray tomography acquisition schemes. The acquisition is inherently multimodal, as phase-contrast and dark-field images can be computed from the same data using methods such as unified modulated pattern analysis, while providing an additional super-resolved transmission channel. These results indicate broad potential for non-destructive testing and biomedical imaging, as they alleviate pixel-size limitations in photon-counting detectors and sample-size restrictions imposed by optical magnification.</summary>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='physics.optics'/>\n    <published>2026-02-20T16:51:44Z</published>\n    <arxiv:primary_category term='physics.optics'/>\n    <author>\n      <name>Stefan Schwaiger</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Lennart Forster</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Martin Dierolf</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Franz Pfeiffer</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Benedikt Günther</name>\n    </author>\n  </entry>"
}