Research

Paper

AI LLM March 10, 2026

Prompt-Driven Color Accessibility Evaluation in Diffusion-based Image Generation Models

Authors

Xinyao Zhuang, Jose Echevarria, Kaan Akşit

Abstract

Generative models are increasingly integrated into creative workflows. While text-to-image generation excels in visual quality and diversity, color accessibility for users with Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD) remains largely unexplored. Our work systematically evaluates color accessibility in images generated by a common pretrained diffusion model, prompted to improve accessibility across diverse categories. We quantify performance using established, off-the-shelf CVD simulation methods and introduce "CVDLoss", a new metric measuring differences in image gradients indicative of structural detail. We validate CVDLoss against a commonly used daltonization method, demonstrating its sensitivity to color accessibility modifications. Applying CVDLoss to model outputs reveals that existing diffusion models struggle to reliably respond to accessibility-focused prompts. Consequently, our study establishes CVDLoss as a valuable evaluation tool for accessibility-aware image generation and post-processing, offering insights into current generative models' limitations in addressing color accessibility.

Metadata

arXiv ID: 2603.09832
Provider: ARXIV
Primary Category: cs.GR
Published: 2026-03-10
Fetched: 2026-03-11 06:02

Related papers

Raw Data (Debug)
{
  "raw_xml": "<entry>\n    <id>http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09832v1</id>\n    <title>Prompt-Driven Color Accessibility Evaluation in Diffusion-based Image Generation Models</title>\n    <updated>2026-03-10T15:55:29Z</updated>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.09832v1' rel='alternate' type='text/html'/>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.09832v1' rel='related' title='pdf' type='application/pdf'/>\n    <summary>Generative models are increasingly integrated into creative workflows. While text-to-image generation excels in visual quality and diversity, color accessibility for users with Color Vision Deficiencies (CVD) remains largely unexplored. Our work systematically evaluates color accessibility in images generated by a common pretrained diffusion model, prompted to improve accessibility across diverse categories. We quantify performance using established, off-the-shelf CVD simulation methods and introduce \"CVDLoss\", a new metric measuring differences in image gradients indicative of structural detail. We validate CVDLoss against a commonly used daltonization method, demonstrating its sensitivity to color accessibility modifications. Applying CVDLoss to model outputs reveals that existing diffusion models struggle to reliably respond to accessibility-focused prompts. Consequently, our study establishes CVDLoss as a valuable evaluation tool for accessibility-aware image generation and post-processing, offering insights into current generative models' limitations in addressing color accessibility.</summary>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='cs.GR'/>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='cs.HC'/>\n    <published>2026-03-10T15:55:29Z</published>\n    <arxiv:primary_category term='cs.GR'/>\n    <author>\n      <name>Xinyao Zhuang</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Jose Echevarria</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Kaan Akşit</name>\n    </author>\n  </entry>"
}