Research

Paper

AI LLM March 03, 2026

From "What" to "How": Constrained Reasoning for Autoregressive Image Generation

Authors

Ruxue Yan, Xubo Liu, Wenya Guo, Zhengkun Zhang, Ying Zhang, Xiaojie Yuan

Abstract

Autoregressive image generation has seen recent improvements with the introduction of chain-of-thought and reinforcement learning. However, current methods merely specify "What" details to depict by rewriting the input prompt, yet fundamentally fail to reason about "How" to structure the overall image. This inherent limitation gives rise to persistent issues, such as spatial ambiguity directly causing unrealistic object overlaps. To bridge this gap, we propose CoR-Painter, a novel framework that pioneers a "How-to-What" paradigm by introducing Constrained Reasoning to guide the autoregressive generation. Specifically, it first deduces "How to draw" by deriving a set of visual constraints from the input prompt, which explicitly govern spatial relationships, key attributes, and compositional rules. These constraints steer the subsequent generation of a detailed description "What to draw", providing a structurally sound and coherent basis for accurate visual synthesis. Additionally, we introduce a Dual-Objective GRPO strategy that specifically optimizes the textual constrained reasoning and visual projection processes to ensure the coherence and quality of the entire generation pipeline. Extensive experiments on T2I-CompBench, GenEval, and WISE demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance, with significant improvements in spatial metrics (e.g., +5.41% on T2I-CompBench).

Metadata

arXiv ID: 2603.02712
Provider: ARXIV
Primary Category: cs.CV
Published: 2026-03-03
Fetched: 2026-03-04 03:41

Related papers

Raw Data (Debug)
{
  "raw_xml": "<entry>\n    <id>http://arxiv.org/abs/2603.02712v1</id>\n    <title>From \"What\" to \"How\": Constrained Reasoning for Autoregressive Image Generation</title>\n    <updated>2026-03-03T08:03:18Z</updated>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.02712v1' rel='alternate' type='text/html'/>\n    <link href='https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.02712v1' rel='related' title='pdf' type='application/pdf'/>\n    <summary>Autoregressive image generation has seen recent improvements with the introduction of chain-of-thought and reinforcement learning. However, current methods merely specify \"What\" details to depict by rewriting the input prompt, yet fundamentally fail to reason about \"How\" to structure the overall image. This inherent limitation gives rise to persistent issues, such as spatial ambiguity directly causing unrealistic object overlaps. To bridge this gap, we propose CoR-Painter, a novel framework that pioneers a \"How-to-What\" paradigm by introducing Constrained Reasoning to guide the autoregressive generation. Specifically, it first deduces \"How to draw\" by deriving a set of visual constraints from the input prompt, which explicitly govern spatial relationships, key attributes, and compositional rules. These constraints steer the subsequent generation of a detailed description \"What to draw\", providing a structurally sound and coherent basis for accurate visual synthesis. Additionally, we introduce a Dual-Objective GRPO strategy that specifically optimizes the textual constrained reasoning and visual projection processes to ensure the coherence and quality of the entire generation pipeline. Extensive experiments on T2I-CompBench, GenEval, and WISE demonstrate that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance, with significant improvements in spatial metrics (e.g., +5.41% on T2I-CompBench).</summary>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='cs.CV'/>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='cs.MM'/>\n    <category scheme='http://arxiv.org/schemas/atom' term='eess.IV'/>\n    <published>2026-03-03T08:03:18Z</published>\n    <arxiv:primary_category term='cs.CV'/>\n    <author>\n      <name>Ruxue Yan</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Xubo Liu</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Wenya Guo</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Zhengkun Zhang</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Ying Zhang</name>\n    </author>\n    <author>\n      <name>Xiaojie Yuan</name>\n    </author>\n  </entry>"
}